Parental leave in the system of socio-economic processes: a theoretical review

Parental leave is one of the most important components in structure family policy developed countries. In foreign practice, three types leaves are available: maternity leave, paternity and parental leave. The researchers note that development has a favorable economic, social demographic effect. For this reason, issue becoming more popular every year attracts attention wide range scientists. Nevertheless, domestic scientific literature, phenomenon remains practically unexplored. This article devoted to study impact on other socioeconomic processes — employment, gender equality fertility related areas government policy. Exploring relationship, author notes positive quotas distribution responsibilities between men women professional spheres life. economic effects from use as tools protect workers labor market described. These consist mainly increasing employment rate reducing wage gap women. addition, birth considered—on hand, stimulates parents for subsequent childbearing, opportunity costs increase, which negatively affect reproductive attitudes mothers. draws conclusion about relationship state policy, author's opinion, discovered indicates importance need it Russia.